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Electrical, Instrumentation and Telecommunication Installation - This Offshore Petroleum NORSOK standard covers functional and technical requirement related to installation of electrical, instrumentation and jesus equipment. The noncondensable gases are separated and discharged. The toluene is then recycled back to the reactor and the benzene removed in the product stream. This method utilises the base vessel layout and allocates instrument positions on a 'best guess' basis usually they are very ring to the final position and 'driving' package vendor terminations at edge of skid. Instrument Air Supply Diagrams Instrument Air Supply diagrams show the various configurations of instrument air manifolds. Amela Jones January 13, at 2: Process Hook-Up This hook-up drawing contains typical installations for instrument which connects to the prime Pneumatic Pipihg This hook-up drawing contains drawing installations for instrument which requires instrument air such as control valve, actuated valve Reference drawing: Select the categories for which you would like to see messages displayed Please log in and try drawing.
Whilst every effort is made to ensure technical accuracy of the information supplied on iceweb. Users should make and rely on their own independent inquiries. By accessing the site users accept this condition. The following references are from sources which provide what ICEweb considers to be the best technical and educational information on the subject. We always acknowledge the author and source. Should there be any issue with ICEweb providing this information, please and we will remove it immediately. We also welcome non-commercial technical documents subject to editorial review and post them free. The documentation of process control and associated field instrumentation is normally created by the engineering firm that designs and constructs the plant. The company that commissioned the plant may have an internal documentation standard the engineering firm will be required to follow - An excellent document from ISA. Instrument Index An Instrument Index is a super starting point for any design, it is really a database of all the necessary references which are required in an instrument design, all referenced from the tag number. The Instrument index includes tag number of all physical instruments e. The Instrument index is created at the beginning of project and considered as a live document which should be kept updated even though the plant has been operated. Also the Instrument index should be revised if there is any plant or system modification which impact to additional, removal, or resetting of instrument - - from Instrumentationportel The following link shows a - from Instrumentationportel Instrument Hook Ups Instrument Hook Up Diagrams detail the accessory and tubing hookup for both process and pneumatic instruments based on the tag number. Instrument Pneumatic Hookup Diagrams A Instrument Hookup details the connection details to connect an Instrument to the Instrument Air System. Process Hookup Diagrams A Process Hookup details the connection details to connect an Instrument to the Process. Included are termination box details, connections, wiring including screens etc. This view has evolved because the main goal of these firms is to minimize the number of man-hour-consuming documents, and thereby gain a competitive edge by tightening budgets through limiting engineering costs. In other offices and in other parts of the world, such as Asia, the criterion is total cost, which includes not only design, but also operating, maintenance and insurance costs, and from that perspective, loop drawings are desirable because they make the loops easy to understand, as you do not need to look at several documents. Those firms consider the generating of loop diagrams valuable and use ISA5. For this group of engineers, it would be useful if ISA5. So it seems that the main cause of the elimination of loop drawings is economic and can be short-sighted, because having them serves not only operational and maintenance convenience, but also can improve safety and thereby lower insurance costs. While initial fieldbus installations tended to be nervously watched trials and demonstrations running non-critical processes, more recent applications have successfully attacked mainstream controls projects. This paper shows the required design steps, along with a typical segment drawing - from Emerson Process Management. This drawing can provide a glance view of overall connection of the system - from instrumentationportal. Instrument Datasheet An Instrument Datasheet is the primary design Instrumentation purchase document, it details all the technical and process data required to select an instrument. Supplementary listings for each form provide ready guidance on entering data and units. The details of information in data sheet may differ among each types of instrument such as transmitter, switch, gauge and control valve - from instrumentationportal. Today, on small and large projects an Instrument Design Software tool is an essential part of completion of the design documentation detailed in the various line items. More Engineering White Papers are required on this subject. If you have any please contact us. Instrument Cable Schedule The Instrument Cable Schedule provides details of all the cables utilised, it typically lists type of cables, source, destination, terminal, size, core, length etc. This document shows cable as well as gland requirements for each instrument or connection. Instrument Specifications Instrument Specifications are generally produced by the End User company or Engineering design Houses. They provide a detailed description of the design requirements. Instrument Air Supply Diagrams Instrument Air Supply diagrams show the various configurations of instrument air manifolds. Cable Penetration Layout Details the penetrations into a panel, showing the cable transit frame and block configuration. Process Control System PCS Design It is worthwhile considering the extensive use of a database system in the production of the design documents which are to be used as input documentation by the system supplier. Base Graphics The generation of 'base graphics' MUST be configured by the operating company since a supplier just does not have the experience to produce graphics which accurately reflect the process. The most effective way of configuring these base graphics which the supplier enhances is to use the supplier configuration package, thus having the ability to transfer the data to the supplier database easily. This does have the added advantage in that errors are minimised once one database has been checked. Mind you if adequate checking does not occur then the problem will be multiplied. The following input documents should be produced for issue to the Process Control System PCS supplier. Some operators consider that it is more effective for the PCS suppliers to create some of these documents but that is just not so in that they just CANNOT have adequate experience to provide a comprehensive enough package. They are usually drawn utilising logic blocks around the logic symbols which are identified in AS 1102. They are usually configured using a database format which the supplier can easily transfer to his own database. It should be comprehensive and miss nothing. This of course is true if total accuracy is required, however, if you have a schedule problem there is a method of achieving 90% accuracy at a very early stage, picking up the remaining 10 % at a later time. This method utilises the base vessel layout and allocates instrument positions on a 'best guess' basis usually they are very close to the final position and 'driving' package vendor terminations at edge of skid. The suppliers we have found are not adverse to this approach as it does do a fair bit of design for them. A convenient method of picking up these tags is to use a document called a Instrument Line Diagram. The ILD is essentially a point list and can be in diagrammatic or data format. This document however must be treated with great care in that it can become a monster if you are not careful. INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL DESIGN CHECKING It is absolutely essential that all documents produced are cross checked, to not check is false economy as eventually the supplier will pick up errors and it takes significantly more effort at that time to rectify them. Considerable cost overruns can result from poor cross checking. It also brings new dramatic challenges. Project requirements become greater and the level of control systems project complexity, and costs increase. With all this to keep track of, it is important to keep an eye out for myths and traps in the field and get on with the business of good old-fashioned control systems engineering. It also means cultivating the principle of one-page schedules and cost updates and on-the-dot, minimized meetings, all of that allowing for maximizing the value of the project outcome. Full recognition and rejection of all kinds of humbug, regardless of the source, is one of the most distracting and de-motivating factors for any group of productive people. This is especially true in the area of human-machine interface HMI design. HMI is the means by which a user operates a machine, system, or process via hardwired panels or a computerized console. It also encompasses decision-support devices, such as operating procedures. Bandwidth availability from the modern HMI hardware and software has grown exponentially over the last few decades, and experts agree current Internet and web technologies cannot yet provide what most existing HMI users need: high data rates, high animation capability, and sub-second screen changes. Since humans cannot absorb information at the same rate as HMI bandwidth, it is important to design HMIs that better support the operator. In the petrochemical industry in U. Safety Instrumented System SIS Design Documents The utilises several documents to develop the necessary logic these being:- SHUTDOWN PHILOSOPHY This is the most important document associated with the Combined Safety System in that it lays down the philosophy applicable to it. In this document are listed the hierarchical shutdowns. One must not lose sight of the fact that although the system has the ability to implement very critical shutdown features it also implements less critical unit and process shutdowns. An ESD is actually a Process Shutdown with Blowdown and isolation of the platform trunkline. The blowdown results in flaring of the gas component of the platform inventory whilst the liquid component is maintained within the various process vessels. When co-incident fire detection in the process or wellhead areas occurs one of the two strategically placed firepumps start and deluge occurs automatically. On some platforms main power is shutdown and the emergency generator starts when an ESD occurs whilst on others main power is maintained by the generators switching to Diesel except when there is fire in a critical area such as the wellheads. This approach is advocated in that maintaining lighting ensures that at night the firefighting crew can see what they are doing. There are generally only two or three TPSD pushbuttons which are under the control of the Platform Operations Manager. The result of this action is total blackout of the platform including isolation of batteries except for some navaids which continue to run. The intent of this shutdown is to maintain some battery power for when the 'black start team' reboard the platform. The usual appearance of them is to have the cause on the left hand side with the effect at the top with a 'X' matrix. Sometimes logic symbols are included which make the operator's engineering design requirements unambiguous. Whilst this is an excellent approach it is rather costly, thus it is infrequently used. These Cause and Effects sometimes have the title of Safety Systems Logic SSL's. Cause and Effect is presented as a form of matrix. The marked intersection between both means that they are related as cause-effect. The logic is developed by the vendor based on the above documentation on the CSS CONFIGURATION PACKAGE. This package is deliberately separate from the executive software of the system since it is very important that software previously developed is not corrupted in any way. After completion the software is tested extensively before being included in the overall software package. Great emphasis is placed on ensuring that the executive software cannot be accessed by unauthorised personnel and once the system is operational the configuration package is usually located onshore. DESIGNING AND SPECIFYING A COMBINED SAFETY SYSTEM CSS When designing and specifying a CSS it is important to remember that it does have a fundamental common mode failure point this being of course the software. It is all very well to have duplicated and triplicated hardware but if there is a common software bug just what can be done to overcome the problem. Well the answer is that the requirements of API RP14C should be followed in that there should be a primary and secondary safety system. Usually the primary being the electronic system and the secondary, safety relief valves. Where there is no possible alternative to having a single electronic system then it is absolutely imperative that DUAL sets of software are used which have been written by DIFFERENT personnel. Having to use this route has great disadvantages in that it is very complex, extremely costly and difficult to maintain. The RULE is therefore - devise some form of secondary system. You will have to register to access this document - from instreng. DESIGNING AND SPECIFYING SHUTDOWN SDV AND BLOWDOWN BDV EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN VALVES Associated with Emergency Shutdown Systems ESD are specific valves which are used to isolate and blowdown the processes. These are referred to as Shutdown SDV and Blowdown BDV Valves respectively. Under emergency situations it is critical that these valves operate correctly. Thus the engineering of the valves and their associated actuators is paramount in ensuring plant safety. They must meet the Fire Safe and Reliability criteria determined by IEC16508 and IEC16511. ICEweb's comprehensive has extensive design engineering details on these valves. It runs over 2 hours and is just full of great information! Mitchell and Henry M. Marszal - In this paper, the authors are presenting a basic analysis framework and proposing nomenclature for the purposes of standardizing analysis methods. The paper will address in some depth, the problem of quantifying optical fire detection system performance, at least in the Geographic Coverage sense, and will allude to the future steps that will be required to extend the analysis to Scenario Coverage for fire detection and then Scenario Coverage for gas detection - from Kenexis. Thanks to the excellent. These drawings, also known as Process and Instrumentation Diagrams, or Process and Control Diagrams, are essential to many industrial operations. It also provides most of the symbols and identifiers that are unique to instrumentation and gives practical examples of their use. Documentation changes and the evolution of control systems engineering and design work over the past decade are included in this edition. It is the intent of the authors to help people communicate ideas and concepts through the use of symbols and identifiers. Ideal for engineers, managers, sales people, technicians, and students, this book will improve and strengthen communications among not only instrumentation specialists, but all interested professionals. Just have a look at the examples in it! It recognises that many HFE issues can be controlled simply by ensuring compliance with existing technical standards. However, there are times where there is a gap between what can be specified in technical standards and the design features needed to support efficient, reliable and safe human performance. This RP involves three elements for controlling HFE-related risk: 1 Compliance with relevant technical specifications 2 HFE specific design analysis and design validation and 3 Organisation and competence to deliver appropriate standards of HFE quality control. Compliance with this RP should normally satisfy requirements from national regulators for evidence that HFE has been adequately considered in design. Sometimes, this means the data needs to display over time in a trend display or chart. Sometimes, the instantaneous real-time value of the data needs to be on display too. A well-written control specification will describe how the systems integrator should manipulate the data values as it permeates the control system - from ISA and InTech. Project Management - Tom Shephard - Automation projects for offshore production facilities are becoming more challenging. Tight schedules, new standards and technologies, a high degree of system integration and customization and complex execution environments are all common. Integrating Best Practices into a project is a proven approach for improving project outcomes. This is especially true for the Front End Engineering Design FEED phase of the project, a period when relatively low cost activities can create significant and positive results. Suggested FEED best practice examples are presented and their importance discussed - from Mustang Engineering. Good project management also communicates to your management or stakeholder that you are a professional. These are thoughts from my experience managing many projects and consulting to clients on projects. The most valuable lessons were learned when taking over projects that were in serious trouble - from Automation. The power of this list is not in its compilation, but in the knowing where the pitfalls to project most commonly lie. These lessons will be presented along with steps to avoid falling into them. Systems integration SI represents a vast category in that development, and it includes software development, data communications, and operability issues - from ISA and InTech. There are some really useful tips to be found here. This pdf is worth putting on your computer for reading on those long trips. Where have all our engineers and technicians gone? Where on earth has the electronics or indeed, plain old hobbyist gone to? Where have all our engineering leaders gone? The erratically mobile engineer In the thrall of politicians Putting your engineering brain into overdrive — with guaranteed improvements Trust your guts and not always your engineering brain Nuclear power: to hell? Or maybe, just maybe … heavenly bliss What on earth do you expect the world to do with your rubbish? Real engineering or styling and marketing? We all need an engineering mentor or advisor, teacher, role model, friend Does management know how to retain engineering professionals? Where applicable, this NORSOK standard may also be used for mobile offshore drilling units. This NORSOK standard, together with ISO 13702, defines the required standard for implementation of technologies and emergency preparedness to establish and maintain an adequate level of safety for personnel, environment and material assets. Electrical, Instrumentation and Telecommunication Installation - This Offshore Petroleum NORSOK standard covers functional and technical requirement related to installation of electrical, instrumentation and telecommunication equipment. In addition the standard establish basis for engineering of typical areas like cable segregation, cable requirements, Ex-philosophies, equipment enclosures etc.
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